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American Welding Society · STANDARD

AWS D1.1

Structural Welding Code — Steel

§ 01

Overview

What this standard covers

The US structural welding code: prequalified joints, welding procedure and welder qualification, workmanship, and visual and NDT acceptance criteria for statically and cyclically loaded work.

Welding requirements for steel structures, including prequalification, qualification, fabrication, inspection and stud welding.

Who uses it

Welding coordinators, welders and inspectors qualifying procedures and demonstrating weld quality.

§ 02

Details

Reference data

Standard number
AWS D1.1
Title
Structural Welding Code — Steel
Organisation
American Welding Society
Country
United States
Region
United States
Subject
Welding
Subcategory
Welding code
Type
STANDARD
Application
Mandatory
Availability
Paid
Current edition
2020
Publication year
2020
Status
CURRENT
Roles
welding standard
Last verified
2026-09-06

Official source: pubs.aws.org

§ 03

Requirements

Key requirements

Prequalified WPS · Welding

A prequalified welding procedure avoids qualification testing only when joint detail, process, consumable and preheat all stay within the prequalified limits; anything outside them must be qualified by test.

Welding

Source: AWS D1.1

§ 04

Related

Standards used alongside this one

  • AWS D1.8

    Structural Welding Code — Seismic Supplement

    Supplementary welding requirements for seismic applications, including demand critical welds and filler metal toughness.

    United StatesWeldingCURRENTPaid

  • AISC 360

    Specification for Structural Steel Buildings

    The US design specification for steel buildings, covering LRFD and ASD member and connection design; adopted by reference in the International Building Code.

    United StatesDesign codesCURRENTFree

  • BS EN ISO 15614-1

    Specification and qualification of welding procedures — Arc and gas welding of steels

    Welding procedure qualification testing that produces the WPQR underpinning each approved WPS, including test pieces and ranges of approval.

    United KingdomWeldingCURRENTPaid

  • AWS A5.1

    Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding

    Classification of SMAW electrodes such as E7018, defining strength, position and hydrogen level.

    United StatesWeldingCURRENTPaid

  • AWS A5.18

    Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes and Rods for Gas Shielded Arc Welding

    Solid wire classification for MIG/MAG welding, including ER70S-6.

    United StatesWeldingCURRENTPaid

  • AWS A5.20

    Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding

    Flux cored wire classification widely used for structural shop and site welding.

    United StatesWeldingCURRENTPaid

Sourcing, review and use

Status

Editorial reference information compiled and maintained by the StructuralSteel.ai team. It is not a design certificate and is not issued under an engineer's seal.

Last reviewed

Calculations

Any figures produced on this page are indicative estimates for early sizing and comparison only — they are not engineered design outputs.

References

Final member selection, loading, connection design, fire design, fabrication and compliance must be verified for your specific project by a suitably qualified structural engineer. Standards are revised; check the edition in force where the work is built.

Verification

StructuralSteel.ai provides technical reference information and links to authoritative sources. Project specifications, applicable legislation, current standards editions and requirements of the responsible engineer or authority should always be verified before fabrication or supply.